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Objective To investigate HPV vaccine hesitancy and influencing factors among parents of primary and secondary schools in Guangyuan, and to provide scientific countermeasures for reducing the hesitancy rate of HPV vaccine in parents. Methods Using stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling, 1,018 parents of girls in primary and secondary schools in Guangyuan were selected for a questionnaire survey from March to July 2021. The data were analyzed by Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model. Results The hesitancy rate of HPV vaccine in parents was 42.95%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that families with low economic income, parents who believed that HPV vaccination would have long-term side effects, and be unsafe and expensive, and parents who concerned with the effect of HPV vaccine on the prevention of cervical cancer and insufficient supply of first doses of vaccine, had positive effects on HPV vaccine hesitancy (OR = 2.02, 1.44, 3.13, 1.53, 3.76, and 2.43, respectively, P < 0.05). Conclusion HPV vaccine hesitancy rate is high among parents of primary and secondary schools in Guangyuan. It is necessary to fully promote school education and increase the publicity of HPV vaccine to improve parents' awareness of HPV vaccine. Government departments need to make an overall plan to reduce vaccine costs and ensure sufficient vaccine quantity, so as to reduce parents' hesitation to vaccinate their children with HPV vaccine.
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Genetic composition plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Especially, inherited and de novo intronic variants are often seen in patients with ASD. However, the biological significance of intronic variants is difficult to address. Here, among a Chinese ASD cohort, we identified a recurrent inherited intronic variant in the CHD7 gene, which is specifically enriched in East Asian populations. CHD7 has been implicated in numerous developmental disorders including CHARGE syndrome and ASD. To investigate whether the ASD-associated CHD7 intronic variant affects neural development, we established human embryonic stem cells carrying this variant using CRISPR/Cas9 methods and found that the level of CHD7 mRNA significantly decreased compared to control. Upon differentiation towards the forebrain neuronal lineage, we found that neural cells carrying the CHD7 intronic variant exhibited developmental delay and maturity defects. Importantly, we found that TBR1, a gene also implicated in ASD, was significantly increased in neurons carrying the CHD7 intronic variant, suggesting the intrinsic relevance among ASD genes. Furthermore, the morphological defects found in neurons carrying CHD7 intronic mutations were rescued by knocking down TBR1, indicating that TBR1 may be responsible for the defects in CHD7-related disorders. Finally, the CHD7 intronic variant generated three abnormal forms of transcripts through alternative splicing, which all exhibited loss-of-function in functional assays. Our study provides crucial evidence supporting the notion that the intronic variant of CHD7 is potentially an autism susceptibility site, shedding new light on identifying the functions of intronic variants in genetic studies of autism.
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Objective To explore the cleaning status and cleaning quality of dental handpieces in various types of medical institutions in Suzhou City.Methods On October 26-31, 2015, dental clinics in the whole city were sampled according to cross-sectional survey and proportional sampling method, the cleaning quality of dental handpieces in each clinic was detected by ATP bioluminescence assay.Results 72 medical institutions, 201 handpieces, 402 samples in 10 administrative regions of the city were sampled, 42 samples was unqualified, unqualified rate was 10.45％, unqualified rate of cleaning of dental handpiece surface was higher than waterline of dental handpiece(17.91％ vs 2.99％, P<0.05).Cleaning quality of dental handpieces in different grades of medical institutions was different(P<0.05), tertiary medical institutions were all ualified, medical institutions without grade was 14.45％.According to the classification based on name of different medical institutions, cleaning quality of handpieces was statistically significant(P<0.05), cleaning efficacy of dental handpieces in department of stomatology of public hospitals was best(unqualified rate was 4.31％), while private dental clinics had the worst cleaning efficacy(unqualified rate was 13.81％).Conclusion Education and training of dental handpieces cleaning in the whole city should be strengthened, especially the management of cleaning of dental handpieces in low grade and private dental clinics.
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Objective To understand the cleaning quality of dental handpieces in Suzhou City, analyze the relevant factors that influencing cleaning effect.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed with the proportional system sampling method, questionnaires were adopted to investigate the cleaning location, cleaning method and process of dental handpieces, the ATP fluorescence detection method was conducted to detect cleaning quality.Results In 10 administrative regions of this city, a total of 72 medical institutions were selected, 25 were public medical oral diagnosis and treatment institutions, 47 were private clinics.Cleaning effect of automatic handpiece cleaning machine was better than traditional manual cleaning (unqualified rate :3.95% vs 11.96%, P0.05).The quality of cleaning of handpieces could be improved if waiting time of cleaning ≤30 minutes, enzymes were used during cleaning, and purified water was used at the end rinse(all P<0.05);whether there was drying process and used lubricant, difference were both not significant.Conclusion Using automatic handpiece cleaning machine, cleaning personnel with adequate knowledge, cleaning waiting time ≤30 minutes, enzyme use during the cleaning process, and purified water use at the end rinse can improve the quality of cleaning of dental handpieces.
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cleaning and disinfection.Results All 28 surveyed medical institutions had separate endoscope disinfection rooms, 89.29% of which had integrated endoscopic cleaning station,17.86% had automatic endoscope washer/disinfector;100% used multi-enzymatic detergent,chose the right disinfectant,monitored disinfectant concentration every day, and implemented standard disinfection time.But only 39.29% changed multi-enzymatic detergent for each endo-scope,cleaning and disinfection personnel in 78.57% of medical institutions wore personal protective equipment correctly.77 digestive endoscopes were detected,the qualified rate was 88.31%.Conclusion Cleaning and disin-fection management of digestive endoscope in secondary and above medical institutions in Suzhou City is generally standardized,there are still some problems in the manipulation procedures,relevant national regulations should be strictly complied with,efficacy of cleaning and disinfection of digestive endoscope should be further improved.
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Objective: To establish an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of 4-( 4-amino-3-fluorophenoxy )-N-methylpyri-dine-2-carboxamide ( AFP-PMA) as a genotoxic impurity in regorafenib. Methods: The content of AFP-PMA was determined by an LC-MS/MS method. A Waters XBridge Shield RP18 column was adopted to separate the samples and the column temperature was 50℃. The mobile phase consisted of 5 mmol·L-1ammonium acetate aqueous (A)-acetonitrile (B) with gradient elution (0~9 min, 5%B→90%B) at a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1. An electrospray ionization source (ESI) was used in a positive-ion and multiple reactions monitoring mode. The ion channel was m/z 262. 2→244. 1. Results:The standard curve was linear within the range of 2. 41-980. 90 ng·ml-1(r=0. 9998) and the limit of quantification was 8. 02 ng·ml-1. The limit of detection was 2. 41 ng·ml-1, which was e-quivalent to 0.000241% for the concentration of regorafenib. The average recovery was 100.95% and RSD was 2.37% (n=9). Conclusion:The method has good specificity, promising accuracy and high sensitivity, which can be used for determining the trace genotoxic impurity AFP-PMA in regorafenib.
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Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of sequential telbivudine ( LDT) therapy following interferon-α( IFN-α) in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive chronic hepatitis B patients.Methods 94 chronic hepatitis B patients in our hospital hepatitis clinic archives from August 2008 to September 2013 were divided into two groups, 45 patients treated with LDT following IFN-αdue to unsatisfactory response to peginterferon-α-2a (peg-IFN-α-2a)treatment in the sequential group and 49 patients treated with LDT initially in the controlled group.In the sequential group, 22 patients failed to respond to IFN-αtreatment, 4 patients obtained IFN-resistance, 6 patients developed severe side effects, 1 patients had pre-C mutation and 12 patients switched to LDT due to economic factors or fertility requirement.The biochemical response and virological response, virological breakthrough and serological response were observed.Chi-square test was adapted for data analysis.Results After 32.35 months of LDT therapy, 88.9%(40/45) patients had with HBV-DNA <100 IU/mL in the experiment group compared with 44.9%(22/49) patients in the control group (P<0.05).The rates of HBeAg loss and HBeAg seroconversion in the experiment group were 53.3%(24/45) and 51.1%(23/45) respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the control group, 24.5%(12/49) and 24.5% (12/49) (P<0.05).6.7% (3/45) patients developed virological breakthrough in the sequential group compared with 34.7%(17/49) in the control group (P<0.05).Above results suggested the synergistic antiviral activity between peg-IFN-α-2a and LDT.Conclusion Sequential LDT therapy following peg-IFN-α-2a is better efficacy and safety compared with treating patients with LDT alone initially.
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Objective:To explore rehabilitation of children with schizophrenia whether the multiple family therapy group has a better short-term and long-term efficacy. Methods:A total of 133 convalescent children with schizophrenia were randomly divided into three groups, 45 children were in multiple family therapy group, 45 children were in individual family therapy group, 43 children were in the simple drug group who accept simple drug treatment. All subjects participate in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up test after three months with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) . Results:There were significantly different in multiple family therapy group and individual family therapy group by PANSS and PSP total score among pre-test,post-test and follow-up test after three months (P<0.01),while the difference in the simple drug group was not significant. The total score of PANSS and PSP were significant except the scores of the post-test and follow-up test after three months. The multiple family therapy group had the best effect total score of PANSS and PSP. The analysis of the difference among groups indicated that the multiple family therapy group’ s total scores of PANSS and PSP were significantly higher than that in other two groups in post-test and follow-up test (P<0.01) . Conclusion:The multiple family therapy has a distinct advantage on improving the symptoms and social function of children with schizophrenia than individual family therapy and single drug treatment,both short-term effect and long-term effect.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) is an important breast cancer-susceptibility gene. Promoter polymorphisms in BRCA2 may affect its transcription and be associated with cancer prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We identified five polymorphisms of the BRCA2 promoter region by in silico searching and direct sequencing: -254A/G (rs3092989), -908A/G (rs206117), -1134A/G (rs206115), -1144C/T (rs206116), and -1260CTTAGA/- (rs3072036). The -908A/G, -1134A/G, -1144C/T, and -1260CTTAGA/- polymorphisms were genotyped by direct sequencing in 491 breast cancer patients, and the -254A/G polymorphism was genotyped by Sequenom.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The -1144C/T polymorphism was associated with clinical outcome. Carriers of the TT genotype had longer disease-free intervals (DFIs, P = 0.029), especially among patients with sporadic unilateral breast cancer (P = 0.010). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis showed that all the five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were in LD (D' > 0.8). Carriers of haplotypes containing the -1144T allele showed longer DFIs (P = 0.049), and the result was more significant in patients with sporadic unilateral cancer (P = 0.018). There were no significant associations between the other polymorphisms and DFI.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results of this study suggest that homozygosity for the BRCA2 T(-1144) allele is associated with a longer DFI in Chinese women with breast cancer. Further functional studies are warranted to clarify this relationship.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Asian People , Genetics , Breast Neoplasms , Genetics , Pathology , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genetics , Genotype , Haplotypes , Linkage Disequilibrium , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Genetics , Promoter Regions, Genetic , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To establish a method for the determination of 4-methyl-N-(4-(pyridin-3-yl) pyrimidin-2-yl) benzene-1,3-diamine as an impurity in the preparation of imatinib mesylate. Methods: An LC-MS/MS method was used with ESI ion source con-trolled by a positive-ion mode. The MRM mode was performed with 278. 1/106. 1 as the scanning and ion-pair. Acetonitrile solution containing ammonium formate and formic acid was used with gradient elution. Results:The linear range was 1. 572~47. 160 ng/ml(r=0. 999 7). The detection limit was 0. 002 1ng and the limit of quantitation was 0. 006 8ng. The average recovery was 100. 9% with RSD of 2. 88. The results of specificity, solution stability, repeatability and durability all met the specification. Conclusion:The meth-od is sensitive, accurate and special in the determination of 4-methyl-N-(4-(pyridin-3-yl) pyrimidin-2-yl) benzene-1,3-diamine in imatinib mesylate.
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OBJECTIVE@#To determine the effect of lung protection mechanical ventilation on respiratory function in the elderly undergoing spinal fusion.@*METHODS@#Sixty 70-85 year old patients, ASA class II or III, undergoing spinal fusion were randomly assigned into 2 groups (30 in each group): a protection mechanical ventilation group (group P) and a conventional mechanical ventilation group (group C). Low VT and low level positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) mechanical ventilation were applied in group P (VT=6mL/kg, RR=12-18 b/min, I:E=1:2, PEEP=10 cmH2O, alveolar recruitment performed once every 15 min), while traditional ventilation was used in group C ( VT=10-12 mL/kg, RR=12 b/min, I:E=1:2). Arterial blood samples were taken and pH, PaO2, PaCO2, PaO2/FiO2, A-aDO2, HR, SBP, DBP and CVP were recorded before the operation (T0), 1 h after tracheal intubation (T1), tracheal extubation immediately (T2), 1 h after tracheal extubation (T3), 1 d, 2 d, and 3 d after the operation (T4, T5, and T6). The pulmonary complication was also examined 1 d after the operation.@*RESULTS@#At T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 in group P were higher than those in group C, but A-aDO2 in group P was lower than that in group C. Five patients had bronchitis, 5 had hyoxemia, and 3 had atelectasis in group C, but 2 bronchitis in group P. The incidence of pulmonary complication was 43.3% in group C and 6.6% in group P. There was no significant difference in HR, SBP, DBP and CVP between the 2 groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Lung protection mechanical ventilation improves the arterial oxygenation and accelerates the recovery of respiratory functions in elderly patients after spinal fusion operation, with no influence on hemodynamics.
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Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Anesthesia, General , Hypoxia , Positive-Pressure Respiration , Methods , Postoperative Complications , Pulmonary Ventilation , Respiration, Artificial , Methods , Respiratory Function Tests , Spinal Fusion , MethodsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effects of hearing aids combined with psychological counseling on subjective tinnitus.@*METHOD@#One hundred and fifty four tinnitus patients with deafness were randomly divided into two groups: 84 cases in study group, receiving hearing aids combined with psychological counseling therapy; 70 cases in control group, receiving counseling therapy only. Two groups were assessed at 3, 6 and 12 months after the beginning of the therapy. In study group, 6 cases were bilaterally aided and 78 cases were unilaterally aided. The 78 cases are divided into three subgroups: Group A (moderate hearing loss), Group B (moderate to severe hearing loss), and Group C(severe hearing loss) according to the severity of hearing loss.@*RESULT@#At 3, 6 and 12 months after the beginning of the therapy ,the effective rates in study group are 26.19%, 63.10% and 72.62% respectively and the effective rates in control group are 8.57%, 18.57% and 25.71% respectively. There are statistically significant differences between the effective rates of the two groups after 3,6 and 12 months since the therapy started (P 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Hearing aids can not only improve hearing but also help with the treatment of tinnitus. Hearing aids combined with psychological counseling treatment is an ideal method for dealing with tinnitus in patients with deafness.
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Counseling , Hearing Aids , Hearing Loss , Psychology , Therapeutics , Tinnitus , Psychology , Therapeutics , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of one-time anti reflux multi-function drainage bag in clinical application.Methods A total of 125 cases of benign prostate hyperplasis (BPH) were treated with transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) from October 2012 to March 2013 at our hospital of uropoiesis surgical department.All the cases were randomly divided into the control group (63 cases) and the experimental group(62 cases).The three cavities balloon catheter was connected with common drainage bag in the control group,and with one-time anti-reflux multi-function drainage bag in the experimental group.The urine in catheters and drainage bag of 3,5,7 days postoperatively in two groups was sampled for urine culture.The cases of daily urine tube plugging and daily drainage bag reflux in two groups were observed respectively.Results The cases of bacilluria significantly reduced in catheters of the experimental group compared with the control group and the drainage bag of the experimental group,respectively.The cases of bacilluria was significantly reduced in drainage bag compared with the control group.The cases of drainage bag reflux was significantly reduced compared with the control group.The cases of bacilluria in catheter and drainage bag had no significant difference in the control group.The cases of catheter plugging had no significant difference between two groups.Conclusions One-time anti reflux multi-function urine drainage bag can effectively prevent bacteria and reflux,and make the drainage system in a closed state.It has obvious advantage to prevent the happening of the retrograde infection compared with the common drainage bag.
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Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Taoren Xikang pills and provide the method for the quality control and evaluation of the preparation. Methods Methanol extracts of ten batches of Taoren Xikang pills were analyzed with HPLC-UV method. Analysis was performed on C18 column (4.6 mm× 250 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water gradient eluted at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 203 nm. Results A standard HPLC fingerprint procedure was developed for Taoren Xikang pills with 26 common peaks. The similarity of 10 batches of Taoren Xikang pills was not lower than 0.9. Conclusion The method is accurate, repeatable and can be used for the quality control of Taoren Xikang pills.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare and analysis outcomes of different age paragraph hearing aid users by questionnaires.@*METHOD@#The questionnaire was deployed to 90 hearing aid users, 40 females and 50 males, with ages between 19 and 80 years-from junior high school education to university education, suffering binaural severe or moderate sensorineural deafness. The subjects were devided into 3 groups, the A group with ages between 19 and 40 years, the B group with ages between 41 and 60 years, the C group with ages between 61 and 80 years. After being fitted with hearing aids for 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months, SADL and IOI-HA were applied to evaluating 90 subjects. The study was carried out through face to face interview or by telephone.@*RESULT@#There were significant differences in SADL scores of positive effect, service and Personal image among the 3 groups (P < 0.01). The scores of the A group was the highest, and the B group was higher than the C group. On the contrary, there were significant differences in SADL scores of negative effect among the 3 groups (P < 0.01), with the scores of the A group being the lowest, and the B group being lower than the C group. There were also significant differences in IOI-HA scores among the 3 groups (P < 0.01). The scores of the A group was the highest, and the B group was higher than the C group.@*CONCLUSION@#The outcome and satisfaction of hearing aids among different age paragraph is improved with the wearing time growth, but the outcome and satisfaction of hearing aids are decreased with the age growth.
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Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hearing Aids , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural , Rehabilitation , Patient Satisfaction , Self Concept , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the validation of rehabilitation for prelingually deafened children with cochlear implant and explore the relationship between the age and the rehabilitation effectiveness, and the change of the effectiveness over time.@*METHOD@#Thirty-six investigated prelingually deafened children with cochlear implant were divided into two groups ( 3-6 years old) according to the age of receiving the operation. The validation of rehabilitation was assessed at different times (3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months) after the devices began to work.@*RESULT@#The longer the rehabilitation, the better the validation (P < 0.05). The speed of the younger group (less than 3 years old) is faster than the other group by the time (P < 0.05) in the auditory perception and speech. There is no significant difference between the two groups in intelligence.@*CONCLUSION@#Prelingually deafened children should receive the cochlear implant as young as possible and take more rehabilitation training after the operation.
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Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Cochlear Implantation , Rehabilitation , Cochlear Implants , Deafness , Rehabilitation , General Surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
@# 目的探讨肾移植患者家庭支持与生活质量的相关性。方法采用家庭支持自评量表和生活质量自评量表,对门诊65例肾移植术后患者进行问卷调查。结果家庭支持与生活质量呈显著正相关(r=0.807,P<0.001)。结论护理人员在工作中应尽可能调动家庭成员的主观能动性,增加家庭支持,从而提高患者的生活质量。
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Objective To establish a method for determination of lead in cosmetics. Methods Samples were digested. The lead content was detected by isochronous mercury-plating method with the condition of lead cation being enriched for 40 s at -1.20V(vs. SCE). Results The stripping potential peak of lead appeared at - 0. 20 V( vs. SCE) . The detection limit was 0.03 jug Pb. Six parallel determinations of a sample were done with the mean of 3.574mg/ kg and the relative standard deviation of 4. 1% . Recovery rates obtained by standard addition test ranged from 90% -100.5% . Conclusion The method is suitable for detecting lead in cosmetics.